Materials collected by Surveyors 2007 / Судлаачдын цуглуулсанбаримтууд 2007
2007 онд явуулсан судалгааны эх материалууд Улаанбаатар хотноо Монголын урлагийн зөвлөлийн байранд хадгалагдаж байна.
Materials collected by the Survey Teams in 2007. This is stored in the Arts Council of Mongolia's office in Ulaanbaatar. It is available for viewing by appointment.
| Download pdf B081 Судалгаа гаргасан: Сүхбаатар аймгийн Угсаатны зүйн музейн Э.Ш.А:...../Гэрэлтуяа/ Data compiled by the scholar, Gereltuya, of the Enthnographic museum in Sukhbaatar aimag |
| Download pdf B082 1991-1992 онд Гурванзагал сумын цагаатгагдсан хүмүүсийн бүртгэл List of people in Gurvanzagal soum who were pardoned in 1991-1992 |
| Download pdf B083 Дархан сумаас хэлмэгдсэн хүмүүсийн бүртгэл List of repressed people from Darkhan soum |
National Archive Extracts / Үндэсний архивын ишлэл
Уг төслийн хамтрагч ерөнхийлөгчийн тамгын газрын дэмжлэгтэйгээр Монголын урлагийн зөвлөл үндэсний архивт хадгалагдаж буй 1930 онд улс орон даяар явуулсан сүм хийдийн талаахр судалгааны тайлантай 2007 онд танилцсан билээ (Тагнуулын ерөнхий газрын тусгай архив). Энэ тайлан нь 757 сүм хийдийн тухай байв. Монголын урлагийн зөвлөл эдгээр тайлангаас мэдээлэл шүүж авах арга хэлбэрийг судлаачид олгосон юм. Энэ pdf файлууд бол уг тайлангаас шүүж авсан аймаг бүрийн /Аймгуудыг 1930 –аад оны сүүлээр зурагласан/ мэдээллийн баримт юм.
In 2007 the Arts Council of Mongolia with assistance from the President’s Office, a partners on the project, was given access to reports written in the 1930’s on existing Monasteries in the country held in the National Archives (Central Intelligence Agency Special Archive). These reports covered 757 monasteries. The Arts Council of Mongolia designed a pro-forma that was used by a researcher to extract information from the reports. These pdfs are data extracted from the reports for the provinces (aimag) of Mongolia (as delineated in the late 1930s).
San Beiso Hoshuun Khiid
Arkhangai / Архангай Download MON
Bulgan / Булган Download MON
Dornogovi / Дорноговь Download MON
Dornod / Дорнод Download MON
Zavhan / Завхан Download MON
Ovorhangai / Өвөрхангай Download MON
Selenge / Сэлэнгэ Download MON
Uvs / Увс Download MON
Khovd / Ховд Download MON
Khovsgol / Хөвсгөл Download MON
Khentii / Хэнтий Download MON
Tov / Төв Download MON
English translation to come.
Bibliography / Ном зүй
This Bibliography was prepared by Krisztina Teleki and Zsuzsa Majer in 2007. It is based on the sources quoted in their report ‘Monasteries and Temples of Bogdiin Khüree, Ikh Khüree or Urga, the Old Capital City of Mongolia, in the First Part of the Twentieth Century’ 2007. The Arts Council of Mongolia is very grateful to them for allowing their Bibliography to be used on this website.
Энэ номын жагсаалтыг Кристина Телеки, Жужа Мейер нар 2007 онд боловсруулсан. ЭНэ нь тэдний эрхлэн гаргасан "20 р зууны эхэн үеийн Монголын нийслэл Их Хүрээ-Өргөө хотын сүм хийд" тайланд үндэслэсэн юм. Монголын урлагийн зөвлөл энэхүү ном зүйг цахим хуудаснаа байрлуулах боломж олгосонд талархаж байна.
Baabar, B. (Bat-Erdene Batbayar), History of Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar 2005
Tsültem, N., Mongolian Architecture. Ulaanbaatar 1988
Banzragch, Ch., Sainkhüü, B., Mongol khüree khiidiin tüükh (emkhtgel).Ulaanbaatar 2004
Bawden, C. R. (translated and edited), Tales of an Old Lama, The Institute of Buddhist Studies [Buddhica Britannica Series Continua VIII], Tring, U. K. 1997
Bilgiin melmii,2005 March-April, No. 16 /58/
Bilgiin melmii,2005 August, No. 19 /61/
Bilgiin melmii,2005 September-October, No. 20 /62/
Bilgiin melmii,2005 February, No. 15 /57/
Bürnee, D. – Enkhtör, D., Mongoliin Burkhanii shashnii tüükhen surwalj. Ulaanbaatar 2004
Daajaw, B., Ikh khüree. (forthcoming)
Daajaw, B., Mongol uran barilgiin tüükh. (forthcoming)
Dashnyam, L. (ed.), Mongol nutag dakh’ tüükh soyoliin dursgal. Sedewchilsen lawlakh. Mongoliin Khümüünligiin Ukhaanii Akademi. Ulaanbaatar 1999
Dariimaa, G., Dursagdakhiin buyantai burkhan zuraach. Ulaanbaatar 2003
Dulam, S., Khüree dörwön uuliin takhilga, belgedel. Ulaanbaatar 2004
Dügersüren, L., Ulaanbaatar khotiin tüükhees. (2nd edition), Ulaanbaatar 1999
Forbáth, L., A megujhodott Mongolia, Franklin [A Magyar Földrajzi Társaság Könyvtára], Budapest 1934
Gangaa, D., Khüree tsam. Ulaanbaatar 2003
Iderbayar, B., Shadüw gepel janchüwlin khemeekh büteeliin khiidiin diyanch nariin tsaaz jayagiin altan üseg Jewzündambiin aman zarlig orshwoi, In: Erdeniin tülküür, Ulaanbaatar, (date unknown) pp. 4.,5.,8.
Idshinnorow, Sh., Ulaanbaatar khotiin khuraangui. Ulaanbaatar 1994
Lokesh Chandra (ed.), The Golden Annals of Lamaism. Hor chos-’byung of Blo-bzang rta-mgrin. ‘dzam-gling byang phyogs chen-po hor-gyi rgyal-khams-kyi rtags-pa brjod-pa’i bstan-bcos chen-po dpyod-ldan mgu byed ngo-mtshar gser-gyi deb-ther zhes-bya-ba bzhugs-so. Çata-Piþaka Series. Vol. 34. New Delhi 1964
Maidar, D., Mongoliin arkhitektur ba khot baiguulalt. Ulsiin Khewleliin Gazar, Ulaanbaatar 1972
Maidar, D., Mongoliin khot tosgoniii gurwan zurag. Ulaanbaatar 1970
Mönkhbat, D., Mongoliin tüükh soyoliin dursgaliin lawlaga. Ayalal juulchlaliin mergejiliin angiin oyuutnuudad zoriulaw. Ulaanbaatar 2004
Naawan, D., Öwgön Dendewiin durdatgal, Shinjlekh Ukhaanii Akademiin Khewlel, Ulaanbaatar 1961
Ölzii, J., Mongoliin dursgalt uran barilgiin tüükhees. Ulaanbaatar 1992
Pozdneyev, A. M., Mongolia and the Mongols, edited by Krueger, J. R., translated by Shaw, J. R. and Plank, D., Bloomington, Indiana University 1971
Pürew, O., Mongoliin uls töriin töw. Ulaanbaatar 1994
Pürew, O., Mongol töriin golomt. Ulaanbaatar 2004
Pürew, O., XX zunii ekhen üyeiin ar mongol (1900-1930 on) (map) (forthcoming)
Pürewbat, G., Self-embalmment in the Buddhist Faith, 10 August 2005, UB Post, p. 6.
Pürewjaw, S., Khuwsgaliin ömnökh Ikh khüree. Ulaanbaatar 1961
Rinchen B, Maidar D. (ed.), Mongol ard ulsiin ugsaatnii sudlal, khelnii shinjleliin atlas. Ulaanbaatar 1979
Rupen, R. A., ”The City of Urga in the Manchu Period”, Studia Altaica, Festschrift für Nicholas Poppe, Wiesbaden 1957, pp. 157-169.
Sereeter, Ö., Mongoliin Ikh khüree, Gandan khiidiin tüükhen bütetsiin towch. 1651-1938. Ulaanbaatar 1999
Shepetilnikov, N. M., Arhitektura Mongolij. Moskva 1960
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), Gandantegchinlen khiid, Shashnii deed surguuliin khurangui tüükh Tsagaan lawain duun egshig khemeekh orshiwoi. Ulaanbaatar 1995 [Gandantegchinlen Monastery, Short History of the Religious College: The melody of the White Conch Shell.]
Sükhbaatar, O. (transl.),Majiglawdonmaagiin namtar.Ulaanbaatar, 2004
Sükhbaatar, O., Byambasüren, D., Batsanaa, B., Shambald zorchson nuuts temdeglel, Ulaanbaatar 2005
Khawkh, N. (ed.), Buddiin shashin, soyoliin tailbar tol’, Buddiin sudlal tsuwral 2. Mongol Ulsiin Ikh Surguul’, Ulaanbaatar 2000
Ulaanbaatar. Khotiin atlas. Ulsiin geodezi, zurag zuin gazar. Ulaanbaatar 1990
Northern Buddhist Conference on Ecology and Development, Ulaanbaatar 2005
Additional bibliography
Baabar B. (Bat-Erdene Batbayar), Twentieth century Mongolia. White Horse Press, Cambridge 1999
Badarchi, O. S., Dugarsüren, Sh. N., Bogd khaanii amidraliin on daraalliin towchoon. Ulaanbaatar 2000
Bawden, C. R., The Modern History of Mongolia. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. London 1968 (revised edition: KPI, London 1989)
Bawden, C. R., The Jebtsundamba khutukhtus of Urga. Text, Translation and Notes. Otto Harrassowitz. Wiesbaden 1961
Bazarow, ’’Tibetskii Disput w sisteme monastriirskogo obrajowaniya”, Kul’tura Centralinoi Azii: pisimenniie istochniki. Biinuck 2. Ulan-Ude 1998. pp. 40-57.
Bat-Ireedüi, Z. - Ar'yaasüren, Ts., Mongol yos zanshliin ikh tailbar tol’. Deed bot’. Ulsiin Ikh Surguulin Khewlel, Ulaanbaatar 1999
Bethlenfalvy, G., ’’Aussprache des Tibetischen bei den Khalkha-Mongolen.’ Acta Orientalie. Societates Danica, Norvegica, Swedica. Vol. 32. Einar Munksgaard, Coppenhage 1970. pp. 37-44.
Bira, Sh., Mongolian Historical Literature of the XVII-XIX centuries written in Tibetan. Translated from the Russian by S. N. Frye. The Mongolia Society, The Tibet Society. Bloomington 1970
Bürnee, D., Enkhtör, D., Mongoliin Burkhanii shashnii tüükhen surwalj. Ulaanbaatar 2004
Bürnee, D., Enkhtör, D., Töwd mongol tol’. Dorno Dakhni Gün Ukhaan Khün Sudlaliin Deed Surguul’, Mongol Ulsiin Ikh Surguul. Ulaanbaatar 2001
Byambaa, R., Buddiin "Uchir shaltgaanii ukhaan" buyuu shalgadag Ukhaan, Lawain egshig, 2000/1. Ulaanbaatar 2000
Tsedew, D., Ikh shaw’. Ulaanbaatar 1964
Tsendinoi, A. D., Erdeni zuu-yin towchi. Istoriya Erdeni-dju. Pamyatniki pis’mennosti wostoka. CXVIII. 1965, Moskwa 1999
Tserendorj, G., Niislel khüreenii mongol khudaldaanii toim. Ulaanbaatar 1961
Tsewel, Ya., Mongol khelnii towch tailbar tol’. Ulsiin khewleliin khereg erkhlen khoroo. Ulaanbaatar 1966
Corff, O., An Etymological Index to Lessing’s Mongolian-English Dictionary. The Mongolia Society, Bloomington 1977
Tsültem, N., Mongol zurag. Ulaanbaatar 1986
Chuluun, D., Ölziibuyan, R., Khalkhiin Zaya bandida gegeen.
Chuluunbaatar, L., Shanzadwiin yaam yuu khiij baiw, Ulaanbaatar 2005
Damdinsüren, Ts., Öwgön Jambaliin yaria. Ulaanbaatar 1959
Damdinsüren, Ts., Tüüwer zokhiol, Ulaanbaatar 1969
Dashbadrakh, D., Mongoliin khutagtuudiin namtriin oillogo /XVII-XX zuun/,Ulaanbaatar 2004
Dagwadorj, D.. Mongoliin Burkhanii shashnii soyon gegeerüülegchid. Ulaanbaatar 2001
Dagwadorj, D.. Mongoliin gün ukhaanii mergediin zokhioliin tsomorlig. Ulaanbaatar 1998
Dagwadorj, O., Ulamjlalt bolowsroliin togtoltsoond mongol datsangiin güitsetgesen üüreg. Ulaanbaatar 2004
Dashtseweg, B., Mongol ardiin khuwsgaalt namaas lam nariin talaar yawuulsan bodlogo (1921-1940), Ulaanbaatar 1969
Dashzegwe Kh., Khaagdsan shütleg khuugdsan süsegiin san khömrögöös. Ulaanbaatar 1997
Diwaasambuu G., Taiwansaikhan D., Mongoliin Burkhan shashnii tüükhen toim. Ulaanbaatar 2005
Diwaasambuu, G., Taiwansaikhan, D., Garmawa yosnii ug garal,Garma Garjid Ürjiin Perenlailin khiid, Ulaanbaatar 2005
Darmadalaa, Ikh Mongoliin orond deediin nom yamar met delgersen yosiig todorkhoi ögüülegch tsagaan lyankhuan erkhis khemeekh orshwoi. Translated by S. Gombojaw. Ulaanbaatar 1995
Dulam, S., ’’Burkhanii shashnii uran zokhioliin zarim töröl züil”, Buddiin sudlal 1., Ulaanbaatar
Ewing, T. E., Between the hammer and the anvil? Chinese and Russian policies in Outer Mongolia, 1911-1921. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1980
Ganzorig, M., Mönkh-Erdene, Ts. (ed.), Darwa Bandida gegeentnii XVII dür Agwaanchoijinjirdondüw (lagshin mendelsenii n’ 135 jiliin oid), Ulaaanbaatar 2005
Geleta, J, The New Mongolia, by Ladislaus Forbath, as related by Joseph Geleta; translated from the Hungarian by Lawrence Wolfe, London, Toronto, W. Heinemannn ltd. 1936
Halen H., Memoria Saecularis Sakari Palsi. Aufzeichnungen von einer Forschungsreise nach der Nordlichen Mongolei im Jahre 1909, Helsinki 1982
Heissig, W., Die Familien und Kirschengeschichtsschreibung der Mongolen. Otto Harrassowitz. Wiesbaden 1959
Heissig, W.,Mongolische Ortsnamen. Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH. Wiesbaden 1978
Zasliin nomoo khaana unshuulakh we? Ulaanbaatar khot dakh’ buddiin shashnii süm khiidüüdiin towch lawlakh. Ulaanbaatar 2000
Huth, G., Geschichte des Buddhismus in der Mongolei. Aus dem Tibetischen des ‘Jigs-med nam-mkha’. Karl J. Trübner. Strassburg 1892.
Khatanbaatar N., Naigal, Yo., Erdene zuugiin tüükh (XVI-XX zuun). Ulaanbaatar 2005
Kowalewski, J. É., Dictionnaire mongol-russe-francais. Kasan 1844, 1846, 1849 (I-II. kötet)
Laagan, B., Khalkhiin tamga bükhii khutagtuudiin towchis. Ulaanbaatar 2004
Lattimore, O., The Diluv Khutagt: Memoirs and autobiography of a Mongol Buddhist reincarnation in religion and revolution, Asiatische Forschungen, Band 74, Wiesbaden- Harrassowitz, 1982
Lessing, F.D., A Mongolian-English Dictionary. The Mongolian Society. Bloomington 1995
Lokesh Chandra (ed.), Eminent Tibetan Polymaths of Mongolia, Ye-shes thabs-mkhas, bla-ma dam-pa-rnams-kyi gsung-’bum-gyi dkar-chag gnyen ‘brel dran gso’i me-long zhes-bya-ba. Çata-Piþaka Series 16. New Delhi 1961
Lokesh Chandra (ed.), Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature, Part 2, . Çata-Piþaka Series 29. New Delhi 1963
Lokesh Chandra (ed.), Bira, Sh, The History of Mongolia. (Tibetan text in Roman transcription. Dharmatala Dam chos rgya-mtsho.Çata-Piþaka Series. Vol. 235. New Delhi 1977
Luwsantseren, G. (ed.), Buddiin onoliin shastaruud. Mongoliin buddiin sudlaliin khüreelen buddizmiin ekh surwaljuud. Ulaanbaatar 1999
Luwsantseren, G., Ochirbat G., Chuluunbaatar, B., Khoyor ikh khutagt. Ulaanbaatar 1995
Miller, R. J., Monasteries and Culture Change in Inner Mongolia. Asiatische Forschungen, Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1959
Minis, A., MAKhN-aas süm khiid, lam nariin ediin zasgiin khüchin chadliig ewdej ustgakhiin tölöö yawuulsan temtsel. Ulaanbaatar 1972
Morozova, I. Yu., The Comintern and revolution in Mongolia. Global Oriental, Folkestone 2002
Moses, L. W., The Political Role of Mongol Buddhism. Indiana University Uralic Altaic Series. Vol. 133. Bloomington, 1977
Mönkhsaikhan, D. (ekhiig beltgesen), Soninbayar, Sh. (erkhelsen), Nomgonii sümiin Dara-ekh Lamtan Agwaantsültemjamtsiin buman zarligiin garchig, Öndör gegeen Zanabazariin Neremjit Mongoliin Burkhanii Shashnii ikh Surguul’, Ulaanbaatar 2005
Narantuyaa, TS. (ed.), Ödör tutmiin zarim chukhal unshlaga. Norbulingka Buddhist Cultural Institute, Ulaanbaatar
Onon, Urgunge, Derrick P., Asia’s first modern revolution- Mongolia proclaims its independence. Brill, Leiden 1989
Ölziibaatar, D., Yaagaad 1937 on? Ulaanbaatar 2004
Perlee, Kh., Süm muzei – Erdem shinjilgeenii ögüüllüüd, Ulaanbaatar 2001
Pozdneev, A. M., Goroda syevyernoi Mongolii. Saint-Petersburg 1887, 1980 (repr.)
Pozdneev, A. M., Mongoliya i Mongoly. T. 1-2. Saint-Petersburg 1896, 1898 (repr.)
Pozdneev, A. M., Mongol’skaja Letopis’ “Erdeniin erihe”. Materialy dlja istori halhi 1636-1736. Sainkt-Petersburg, 1883
Pozdneev, A. M., Ocherki byta buddijskih monastyrei i buddijskogo duhowenstwa w Mongolii, Saint-Petersburg 1887
Pozdneev, A. M., Urginskije hutuhty. Saint-Petersburg 1880, 1980 (repr.)
Pozdneyev, A.M., Religion and Ritual in Society: Lamaist Buddhism in late 19th-century Mongolia. ed.: Krueger, J.R. The Mongolia Society. Bloomington 1978
Pürew, O., Ulaanbaatar 360. Ulaanbaatar 1999
Pürewjaw, S., Mongol dakh’ shariin shasnii khurangui tüükh. Ulaanbaatar 1978
Rinchin, M., Uls töriin khelmegdüülelt ba tsagaatgal, Tsagaatgakh ajiliig udirdan zokhion baiguulakh Ulsiin komiss, Ulaanbaatar 2000
Rupen, R. A., Mongols of the 20th Century, Uralic and Altaic Series, Vol. 37. Indiana University, Bloomington and Mouton and Co., The Hague, 1964 (new edition: Curzon, Richmond 1997)
Rupen, R. A., How Mongolia is really ruled. Hoover Institution, Stanford, California 1978
History of the Mongolian People’s Republic. Translated by William B. and Urgunge Onon. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1976.
Shagdarsüren, Ts., Mongolchuudiin üseg bichigiin towchoon.Ulaanbaatar 2001
Sandag, Shagdariin, Kendall H. H., Poisoned arrows- the Stalin-Choibalsan Mongolian massacres, 1921-1941. Westview, Boulder, Col. 2000
Soni, S. K., Dashpürev, D., Reign of terror in Mongolia, 1920-1990. South Asian Publishers, New Delhi 1995
Soninbayar, Sh., Gandantegchenlin khiid. Shashnii Deed Surguuliin khuraangui tüükh, Ulaanbaatar, 1995
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), “Öndör gegeen Zanabazariin towch namtar”. Lawain egshig, 1998/1 Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchenlin khiid, pp. 3-12.
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), “Lamiin gegeen Luwsandanzanjaltsan”. Lawain egshig, 1998/1. Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchenlin khiid, pp. 13-27.
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), “Zaya bandida Luwsanperenlein negen töwd namtar”. Lawain egshig, 1998/1. Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchenlin khiid, pp. 28-43.
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), “Darba bandida Sodowjamts”. Lawain egshig, 1998/1. Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchenlin khiid, pp. 44-49.
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), “Khamba Shiwa shireet khutagt Luwsan”. Lawain egshig, 1998/1. Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchenlin khiid, pp. 50-58.
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), “Chin süjigt nomun khan Luwsannorowsheiraw”, Lawain egshig, 1998/1. Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchenlin khiid, pp. 59-64.
Soninbayar, Sh. (ed.), Lawain egshig, 1997/2 (essays on Zawa lam Damdin’s 130th anniversary), Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchenlin khiid
Soninbayar, Sh., Yondonjamts, D., Dagwadorj, S., Bulgan, T., Aldart gün ukhaantan angi shagdariin namtar tergüütniig negen dor khuraanguilsan deedsiin sain nomloliin zürkhen khemeekh sudriin chuulgan orshwoi, Ulaanbaatar 1995
Stephen K., Bruce A. E. (ed.), Mongolia in the twentieth century, Arlama, Sharpe, New York 1999
Sumatiratna, Bod-hor-gyi brda-yig ming-tshig don-gsum gsal-bar byed-pa’i mun-sel sgron-me. Corpus Scriptorum Mongolorum VI. Ulaanbaatar 1959
Sükhbaatar ,O., Mongol khelnii khar’ ügiin tol’. Mongol Ulsiin Shinjlekh Ukhaanii Akademi Khel Zokhioliin Khüreelen. Ulaanbaatar 1997
Tucci G. - Heissig W., Die Religionen Tibets und der Mongolei. Stuttgart 1970
This Bibliography was prepared by Krizstina Teleki and Zsuzsa Majer in 2007
THE MONGOL MESSENGER- Wednesday, April 28, 2004
Монгол мөссөнжёр сонин 2004 он 4 сарын 28
By Alina Campana
During the 1930s, in less than a decade's time, centuries of Mongolia's history and a large part of its culture were virtually erased. Now, there are still a few remaining Mongolians who would have been alive at the beginning of the 20th century, and a group of researchers has entered in a race against time to record their experiences, knowledge and memories before they are gone forever.
The starting line is this May in Tuv aimag, where the group of foreign and Mongolian researchers will begin the multi-faceted project. They will search for and record the exact locations of temple ruins. A man named Rinchen created an atlas of temple ruins in 1979, but it is sketchy at best. Using this atlas as a general guide, the research team will travel around Tuv aimag to find the actual sites, photograph, and record their GPS locations and the status of the temple—whether its active, destroyed, a museum, etc. They will also record the historical background and personal stories from the locals. According to Guido Verboom, Mongolia Programme Manager for Alliance of Religions and Conservation (ARC), this is one of the most important aspects. "We need to preserve this knowledge, before it is too late. People that know are becoming less everyday."
The project is a collaboration between ARC and the Arts Council of Mongolia. The research in Tuv aimag will be headed by the Dutch researcher Renske Franken and is funded by the Jan Brummelhuis Grant Programme of the Mongolian Consulate in the Netherlands. They hope to continue the project in other aimags. "We hope to find stories," said Verboom. "About the monasteries: what happened, what people did, what the monasteries meant for the people."
Verboom said that restoration of ruins is not a further goal of the project. "What is most important to people is having functional religious centers. It is common to have a new temple built [not on but] near an old site. The ruins themselves have significance in their own right."
ARC allowed Verboom to make time available to devote to initiating this research project, but the project isn't far from ARC'S own activities. ARC is a secular organization which works worldwide with different faiths on environmental issues. The small staff working for ARC initiates and organizes projects, but the religious groups implement them. "Religion has a certain authority," said Verboom. "In general, secular organizations are slightly scared of working with religions. But actually, they are a very good partner."
In Mongolia, ARC focuses on raising general awareness and understanding of environmental issues and the idea that everything is interrelated. Besides local community activities, ARC also does training for monks. "The materials for the trainings are rooted in Buddhist teachings, and from these we offer them tools to work in modern times," explained Verboom.
Ts. Ariunaa, the Executive Director of the Arts Council of Mongolia, said that it is encouraging to see rising interest in Buddhism from different perspectives. "It is a part of our heritage that many of us don't know much about, she said. 'Making connections to the past before they are lost forever, and making those connections speak to people today, is important both for us and our future generations." The Arts Council is currently developing an alternative tour of Buddhism in UB, exploring locations off the beaten path and providing information that isn't commonly known. The tour will run this summer.
The group plans to publish their findings on the internet. To follow their progress, visit www.mongoliantemples.net. For more information on ARC, visit www.arcworld.org. For more information on the Arts Council of Mongolia, please call 319105 or visit www.artscouncil.mn.