Gandan monastery (Gandantegchenlin khiid)
Сүм хийдийн нэр : Gandan monastery (Gandantegchenlin khiid)
Tögs bayasgalant ikh khölgöniin süm
Gandan khiid
Gandantegchenlin Monastery
Байрлах аймаг :
Нийслэл-Улаанбаатар
Шинэ сүм хийдийн газар зүйн байдал болон хүрээлэн буй орчин:
For detailed description of the site see UB 01 AM.pdf The Gandan complex is situated on Dalkh Hill (Dalkhiin denj) in a walled enclosure.
Шинээр байгуулагдсан : Revived
Байгуулагдсан огноо: Active from 1944
Ринчений зураг дах дугаар :
912
Ринчений жагсаалт дах нэр :
Gandantegchenlin khiid
Хуучин сүм хийдийн байршил дээр сэргээн байгуулагдсан эсхүл өөр газар сэргээн байгуулагдсан алин болох : Хуучин сүм хийдийн байршил дээр сэргээн байгуулагдсан
Хэрэв хуучин сүм хийдийн байршил дээр сэргээн байгуулагдсан бол тухайн тухайн хуучин сүм хийдийн бүртгэлийн (түүхэн газрын бүртгэлийн) дугаарыг бичнэ үү : UBR 912
Аль урсгал болох : Гэлүг
Founders/Refounders :
Сүм хийдийн төрөл :
cүмхуучин хийдийн лам нар :
Presently the monastery has about 30 lamas.
Хийдийн хурал ном: алин болохыг зурах :
Ямар хурал хурдаг болохыг бичнэ үү :
Өдөр тутмын хурал: See UB 01 AM.pdf for full details
Сар тутмын хурал: See UB 01 AM.pdf for full details
Жилийн хурал: See UB 01 AM.pdf for full details
GPS хаяг :
North 47° 55’ East 106° 53’
Тухайн сүм хийд дэхь шашны байгууламж (дацан сургууль, суварга гэх мэт) болон бусад байгууламж, тэдгээрийн зориулалт
Library
The relics of the 8th jewtsündamba khutagt were kept in this building until 1938. Later, after the Gandan reopened in 1944, it became a library. The library has a rich collection of philosophical, historical, and scientific sources and texts. It contains many thousands of sutras written in Tibetan, Mongolian and Sanskrit. The Derge-version (Tib. sde-dge) of the Kanjur is also kept in the library. Furthermore, the works of Indian, Tibetan and Mongolian scholars are in this library such as: Tsongkhapa and his two disciples Khaidüw je (Tib. mkhas-grub rje, 1385-1438) and Jaltsaw je (Tib. rgyal-tshab rje, 1364-1432); the works of the Dalai Lamas; the Panchen Lamas; and famous Mongolian philosophers like Agwaanbaldan (Tib. ngag-dbang dpal-ldan, 1797-1864); Agwaantüwden (Tib. ngag-dbang thub-bstan, known as Wangain agramba, 18-19th century); Damtsigdorj or Bar’ lam/ Bragri lam/ Bragiriin gegeen (Tib. brag-ri bla-ma dam-tshig rdo-rje, 1781-1848); and Zawa lam Damdin (Tib. rtsa-ba bla-ma rta-mgrin, 1867-1937). Some of the rare books have elaborately jewel encrusted front covers and are written in gold, silver or with inks made from the powder of the nine jewels. Moreover, there are many texts written in both Sanskrit and Tibetan. There are also some surgical instruments from the 16th century exhibited here. On the altar there are many old sculptures.
There is a newer building in the right corner of the courtyard, which is the reception for individuals requesting text readings (with a fixed price list). A large yurt serving to receive guest is situated inside its own fence on the south-east corner of the courtyard. The platform used for calling lamas to the ceremonies (büreen shat) stands there, too.
On the west of the main road inside the complex (the courtyard with the Tsogchin temple, Ochirdariin süm, Zuugiin süm, Didinpowran and the library being situated on the east side of it), there is a fenced-off area, which houses monks’dwellings and the Mongolian Institute of Buddhist Art. On the courtyard of monks dwellings, there is a new three storey building (finished in 2007), which serves as lecture and conference rooms, and there are also rooms for monks dwellings in its left wing.
Also an innovation in 2007 summer, that information boards were put up at every temple and building in the Gandan complex, giving essential information on the buildings in Mongolian and English.
Zanabazar Buddhist University
The Mongolian Gandan abbot, S. Gombojaw, and the Buryat abbot, Gomboyev Jambaldorj established the Mongolian Buddhist University in 1970. It is situated today in the yellow two-storey administration building to the left of the Janraiseg süm.
In its first semester there were thirty students, eight of them from Buryatia. It was officially named Öndör Gegeen Zanabazar Buddhist University by a decree issued by the Mongolian Government in 1995. The university combines the modern education system with traditional Buddhist teaching methods. After four years study a Bachelor’s Degree can be obtained. There are two departments: the Department of Internal Sciences which includes majors in Buddhist philosophy and chanting, and the Department of Common Knowledge which includes Tibetan, Sanskrit and English language majors, traditional medicine and astrologic majors. Several teachers, all Mongolian, have studied abroad and currently almost all the teachers hold a Masters Degree or Ph.D. Mainly lamas study in the university although laymen have been admitted since 2001. (However, during the communist period ten lay students also graduated from it.) Furthermore, from September 2002, the university opened a class for the Buddhist female lamas in the Tögs Bayasgalant community (see New Temples 29).
Foreign lamas from the Russian Republics of Buryat, Kalmuck and Tuva also apply for the university to study Buddhism. After returning to their homeland they make efforts to propagate Buddhism there. From its opening in 1970 thirteen graduation ceremonies have been held, and 400 lamas with Bachelor’s or Master’s degree have graduated from the university, some of whom have founded temples in Ulaanbaatar.
The Mongolian Institute of Buddhist Art
G. Pürewbat lama founded the Mongolian Institute of Buddhist Art (Mongoliin Burkhanii Shashnii Urlakhuin Ukhaanii Deed Surguul’) in 1993. It is part of Gandan monastery, and provides graduate and post-graduate courses for lamas and lay people all of whom work at a high artistic level. They receive structured instructions in all aspects of Buddhist art according to the traditional methods and texts: how to create Buddhist images; thangka painting; sculpture; appliqués; carvings; constructing stupas and other objects of worship. See details at http://www.purevbat.mn (currently there is no English version of the very detailed homepage).
Ярилцлага өгсөн хүний овог, нэр, хаяг, эрхэлж буй ажил
Gandantegchenlin khiid, (author not indicated) article in Northern Buddhist Conference on Ecology and Development, Ulaanbaatar 2005
Bilgiin melmii, 2005 February, No. 15 /57/
Bilgiin melmii, 2005 September-October, No. 20 /62/
Bilgiin melmii, 2005 August, No. 19 /61/
Awidiin gerel, chanter (golch) of Gandan monastery
Bilgiin melmii, 2005 March-April, No. 16 /58/
Хэдэн фото зураг авсан :
0
Зураг авсан огноо: он :
0000-00-00 00:00:00
Materials:
| Temple ID | No | Authors name | Title/ description | Book/ Book extract/ leaflet/ other | Date Published | Where Published | Publisher | Collected by |
| UB 01 | 0000-00-00 |
Судалгаа авсан өдөр Хэдэн фото зураг авсан :
0000-00-00
Тэмдэглэл :
All data on this temple kindly provided by Kristina Teleki and Zsuzsa Majer who retain copyright. See relevant section in Survey of Active Buddhist Temples in Ulaanbaatar in 2005 – 2006 with some annotations in 2007 and 2011 Survey conducted by: Zsuzsa Majer, Krisztina Teleki Budapest, Hungary. Ulaanbaatar 2006, 2007, with some revisions in 2011.
For detailed information see UB 01 AM.pdf as well as details on the individual temples within Gandan:
UB 011 AM.pdf
UB 012 AM.pdf
UB 013 AM.pdf
UB 014 AM.pdf
UB 015 AM.pdf
UB 016 AM.pdf
UB 017 AM.pdf
UB 018 AM.pdf
UB 019 AM.pdf
UB 0110 AM.pdf
Хүснэгтийн дугаар :
UB 01
судалгааны баг :
Team А
Disclaimer
Идэвхтэй үйл ажиллагаа явуулж буй сүм хийдийн жагсаалтыг 2006/2007 оны судалгаанд суурилан гаргасан болно. Энэ нь тухайн үед дахин сэргээгдсэн байсан сүм хийдийн талаарх ерөнхий дүр зургийг харуулна. Уг судалгаа явагдснаас хойш олон зүйлс өөрчлөгдсөн нь эргэлзээгүй билээ.
The data on Active Temples was collected in 2006 (UB) / 2007 (National Survey). It provides a snapshot of the revival of the monasteries in Mongolia at that time. Undoubtedly many things will have changed since this survey was done.